PD ISO/TR 22053:2021 for safeguarding supportive systems
Introduction
One of the ultra-modern heat things in the problem of tool protection is mode selection. This might also moreover now not be integral for small machines, however, machines to the area whole-body get proper entry to is doable a growing wide variety being geared up with mode decision switches and getting entry to administration systems. Mode willpower and getting entry to administration to permit accepted human beings to enter gear so they can characteristic described obligations in areas the location there are residual risks. But how do you make sure completely the ideal human beings have access? In the past, human beings noticed handy key switches or passwords as sufficient. However, greater latest constructions are greater for decreasing risks. As a result, we have an extraordinarily new gear safety document, PD ISO/TR 22053:2021 for safeguarding supportive systems.
This posted report from BSI is the British equal of ISO technical record ISO/TR 22053:2021, Safety of tools – Safeguarding supportive systems. Note that it does now not have an equal reputation as a standard; it in primary phrases affords tips and guidance.
Furthermore, ISO/TR 22053 is now not harmonized with the European Machinery Directive, and PD ISO/TR 22053 is now not awesome from the Supply of Machinery Safety Regulations (SMSR) in Great Britain. Therefore, complying with each fashion of this document will now no longer provide a presumption of conformity with any quintessential health and safety requirements (EHSRs). For higher statistics about the Machinery Directive and SMSR, see this post: What are the editions between UKCA marking and CE marking of machinery?
ISO/TR 22053 helps the diagram and integration of safeguarding supportive systems, abbreviated to SSS. Importantly, ISO/TR 22053 is intended for use in conjunction with the internationally prevalent ISO 11161 Safety of tools – Integrated manufacturing buildings – Basic requirements. And the British Standard equal is BS EN ISO 11161.
Is PD ISO/TR 22053:2021 surely for mode selection?
PD ISO/TR 22053 enormously helps mode willpower applications. However, mode decision typically ties in with the granting of bodily access. For example, if the ‘teach’ mode is chosen for a robotic cell, approved personnel can enter the cellular to characteristic educate operations. For any given application, you desire to set up what modes are required and what ought to happen when each and every mode is selected, which would maybe consist of releasing precise defensive interlocks.
In addition, an SSS needs to doubtlessly be used to decrease the hazard of hazardous human errors going on in exceptional situations, now no longer really mode willpower or built-in manufacturing computing device (IMS) applications.
Remember that even even though the focal factor is on defending human beings from volatile machinery, an SSS can moreover aid to prevent unauthorized actions. Such strikes may additionally prefer to have an impact on productivity, quality, electrical energy consumption, material utilization, or unique parameters. This is a case the vicinity spending increased on tools safety measures has to pay for itself.
Judicious implementation of mode decision may also favor to moreover furnish comparable benefits in distinction with the laptop, in fact, being ‘on’ or ‘off’. For example, resets and restarts can also prefer to be quicker, which would benefit productivity and standard equipment effectiveness (OEE).
What bodily shape does SSS hardware take?
From the users’ perspective, the SSS can also be chiefly based totally on a vary of technologies, such as machine-readable codes (barcodes or 3D codes); magnetic strips on identification cards; and transponder tokens or enjoying playing cards encapsulating RFID tags. Alternatively, an SSS can also remember numbers on high-integrity mechanical keys of the sort used in trapped key interlock systems.
PD ISO/TR 22053 additionally refers to biometric security systems. These ought to be facial recognition systems, fingerprint readers, retina scanners, iris recognition, palm vein pattern cognizance, or unique biometric technologies.
While PD ISO/TR 22053 moreover mentions keypads, these furnish a reduced stage of security due to the reality that clients can have trouble sharing passwords with many people. Consequently, keypads and passwords are entirely possible to be used when residual risks are low.
Examples of SSS hardware and systems
Examples of SSS hardware and buildings from tools protection suppliers are:
Castell receives entry to interlocks *
Comitronic-BTI Lockgard isolation swap with RFID
Dold key swap systems
Euchner Electronic-Key-System (EKS)
Fortress Interlocks FRANK RFID get the proper entry to manipulate taking part in playing cards *
IDEM trapped key interlocks
KIRK receives the proper entry to interlocks *
Pilz PITmode strolling mode preference and get entry to the permission system
Schmersal key change systems
Siemens SIRIUS ACT ID key switches with RFID
STI receives proper entry to locks and isolation locks *
There may additionally moreover be others.
* Castell, Fortress Interlocks, KIRK, and STI are all Halma companies.
What is in PD ISO/TR 22053:2021?
The document’s form is related to that of a standard. It consists of a Foreword and Introduction, discovered thru clauses for Scope, Normative references, Terms and definitions, and Symbols and abbreviated terms. Then there are three larger clauses for the core information:
5. Safeguarding supportive systems.
6. Design of safeguarding supportive systems.
7. Information for use.
At the end of the report, there are two comparable sections, particularly Annex A, Visualisation of integration of SSS interior IMS, and a Bibliography.
Foreword, Introduction, and Scope
The Introduction explains that the file offers data about buildings that can limit risks based totally completely on human factors, in the main (but no longer exclusively) in built-in manufacturing systems. It goes on to say that an SSS can be used as a technical measure to limit the risk of volatile human errors occurring.
Bear in questioning that an SSS cannot put off the danger of human error. For example, one man or girl can issues pass by a key or transponder to another, thereby giving an unauthorized person access. While biometrics-based structures are greater secure, they have to be very trendy (and expensive) to make it absolutely now not viable for mistaken human beings to accumulate access.
In most cases, an SSS is an area of a mode selection system. However, the document’s Scope states that an SSS can on the different hand add a layer of personnel authentication and authorization to an IMS (as per ISO 11161).
Normative references, Terms and definitions, and Symbols and abbreviated terms
PD ISO/TR 22053:2021 completely has two Normative references. We have already cited ISO 11162:2007 and the distinction is ISO 12100:2010 (Safety of gear – General standards for format – Risk contrast and hazard reduction), which is nowadays the totally Type-A gear safety desired (see this post: What are Type-A, Type-B and Type-C tools protection standards?).
Most of the phrases and definitions used in PD ISO/TR 22053:2021 originate from elsewhere. These sources are:
ISO/TR 22100-4:2018, Safety of tools – Relationship with ISO 12100 – Part 4: Guidance to tools producers for consideration of related IT-security (cyber security) aspects;
ANSI B11.0-2020, Safety of Machinery; and
ANSI B11.20-2017, Safety Requirements for Integrated Manufacturing Systems.
Most importantly, a safeguarding supportive machine (SSS) is described as a ‘complementary hazard reduction/protective measure to enable mode desire with the aid of the use of the use of authentication means’. Note that there is moreover a definition for ‘authentication’.
Clause 5, Safeguarding supportive system
Clause 5 and its subclauses furnish a gorgeous introduction to the subject. Figure 1 presents, diagrammatically, how an SSS must be implemented. It shows the elements of an SSS (identification device, human-SSS interface, and frequent feel unit) and how they relate to the credential database, the safety-related factors of the managed system (SRP/CS), and the IMS.
In addition, Clause 5 describes what points an SSS affords [5.2] and offers examples of safety aspects that an SSS can also favor to enable/disable [5.3].
Clause 6, Design of safeguarding supportive system
This clause and its subclauses assume about the elements of an SSS in a little larger detail. Each thing of the SSS is addressed in turn, as appropriate as the output from the credential database. Note that the credential database can be a segment of the SSS, a far-flung neighborhood aid, or a mixture of both. A credential database can output three key kinds of information: the responsibilities for which approved personnel have permissions; modes based totally absolutely on accredited personnel’s permissions; and the combos of authorized personnel and responsibilities associated with each and every going for walks mode.
Subclause 6.4 makes it clear that the integrator has to confirm and validate the diagram and structure of the SSS (as per ISO 12100). In addition, the integrator wants to affirm and validate that the mode decision meets or exceeds the requirements for the protection characteristic (as per ISO 13849 factors 1 and 2).
Clause 7, Information for use
This speedy clause refers to coaching for the granting of authorization and the managing of authorization personnel identification (such as ID taking part in playing cards or RFID tags). But see the place below on SSS limitations.
Annex A and the Bibliography
Annex A is the sole annex and it honestly comprises a diagram showing how an SSS relates to an IMS and SRP/CS. The Bibliography lists seven documents, several of which we have cited already.
What are the obstacles of an SSS?
Clause 7 refers to the granting of authorization and dealing with the functionality of identification. Unfortunately, this serves to highlight the limits of an SSS. Although an SSS can additionally contain high-integrity utilized sciences alternatively it is now no longer infallible.
As well as the SSS hardware and associated elements, safety relies upon ‘soft’ non-technical factors such as administrative processes, an organization’s safety culture, and the willpower and integrity of personnel. Is the man or lady granting authorization by using the capability of the credential database in a role to do so? Will an authorized man or lady hand a key or RFID token to an unauthorized or unqualified person? What if an approved man or lady takes the 2nd personality into the hazardous neighborhood for permission? Might an approved man or female take a key with them into the hazardous vicinity or go away from its exterior with the switch? These elements depend on quantity due to the reality the hazardous neighborhood consists of residual risks with the conceivable intent injury.
Despite its limitations, an SSS is a treasured and pragmatic way to permit effective obligations to be carried out on hazardous machinery, in precise built-in manufacturing systems.
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